Supplementary MaterialsSupplementary material 41598_2019_44954_MOESM1_ESM
Supplementary MaterialsSupplementary material 41598_2019_44954_MOESM1_ESM. and ribosomal mitochondrial protein suggests altered mitochondrial RNA translation, which could disturb mitochondrial function and thereby insulin secretion. This highlights a role for Zip14 in beta-cell functioning and suggests Zip14 as a future pharmacological target in the treatment of beta-cell dysfunction. is usually highly expressed in human liver and pancreas33, and it is present in both the alpha- and beta-cells of the human pancreas when investigated by immunofluorescence34. In human type 2 diabetic individuals, signs of a low pancreatic expression levels are observed22. In this study, the INS-1E model of insulin-producing beta-cells was used. INS-1E cells originate from rat insulinoma cells and are characterized by a stable glucose-induced insulin secretion Rabbit Polyclonal to DQX1 with a dose-related response similar to isolated rat islets35,36. The aim of this study was to confirm the presence of Zip14 at the protein level in the INS-1E cells and to characterize…
Gram-negative bacterial cells such as for example contain a relatively rigid outer membrane, and cross-linked peptidoglycan in their periplasm, giving them the rigidity and stability to survive independently in harsh environments
Gram-negative bacterial cells such as for example contain a relatively rigid outer membrane, and cross-linked peptidoglycan in their periplasm, giving them the rigidity and stability to survive independently in harsh environments. subsequently reconstituted into vesicles. Here we statement the coassembly of human membrane vesicles with dendrimersomes. The resulting giant hybrid vesicles containing human cell membranes, their components, and Janus dendrimers are stable for at least 1 y. To demonstrate the utility of cell-like hybrid vesicles, hybrids from dendrimersomes and bacterial membrane vesicles containing YadA, a bacterial adhesin protein, were prepared. The latter cell-like hybrids were recognized by human cells, allowing for adhesion and entry of the hybrid bacterial vesicles into human cells in vitro. The membranes of human cells are mechanically fragile and chemically unstable in vitro (1). Therefore, the investigation of the functions of biological membranes outside the in vivo natural cellular environment represents a significant challenge. Liposomes assembled…
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